AP Biology: Population and Community Ecology flashcards

Question 1

What term names the share of a population's members that fall in each age range?

Accepted Answer

Age structure

Question 2

What kind of coloration serves as a warning that deters predators?

Accepted Answer

Aposematic coloration

Question 3

In which type of mimicry does a harmless species copy the warning colors of a harmful one?

Accepted Answer

Batesian mimicry

Question 4

In which type of mimicry do several harmful species share the same warning coloration?

Accepted Answer

Müllerian mimicry

Question 5

What is a species' highest possible growth rate called?

Accepted Answer

Biotic potential (r max)

Question 6

What term names how many individuals of a species a habitat's limited resources can support?

Accepted Answer

Carrying capacity (K)

Question 7

What is the term for learning to link a specific stimulus with a response through conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning

Question 8

What is the stable end stage of succession, with a characteristic mix of plant and animal species, called?

Accepted Answer

Climax community

Question 9

What relationship benefits one species through close, long contact while leaving the other species neither helped nor harmed?

Accepted Answer

Commensalism

Question 10

Which principle says two species that compete for identical resources in the same place at the same time cannot both persist there?

Accepted Answer

Competitive exclusion principle

Question 11

What is the statistical study of how populations change over time called?

Accepted Answer

Demography

Question 12

What term describes population control by factors that depend on how crowded the population is?

Accepted Answer

Density-dependent regulation

Question 13

What term describes population control by factors whose effect does not depend on population density?

Accepted Answer

Density-independent regulation

Question 14

What kind of growth speeds up because resources are not limiting?

Accepted Answer

Exponential growth

Question 15

What is a species that often forms most of the physical structure of its habitat called?

Accepted Answer

Foundation species

Question 16

What do we call the organism that a parasite lives on?

Accepted Answer

The host

Question 17

What is it called when newborns come to recognize as their parents the first organism they see after birth?

Accepted Answer

Imprinting

Question 18

What term names competition for resources between different species sharing a habitat?

Accepted Answer

Interspecific competition

Question 19

What term names competition among members of the same species?

Accepted Answer

Intraspecific competition

Question 20

What type of species suits changing environments and has many offspring with little or no parental care?

Accepted Answer

r-selected species

Question 21

What type of species suits stable environments and has few, relatively large offspring that receive parental care?

Accepted Answer

K-selected species

Question 22

What do we call a species whose presence is key to keeping an ecosystem's biodiversity and community structure intact?

Accepted Answer

Keystone species

Question 23

What is an organism's undirected movement in response to a stimulus called?

Accepted Answer

Kinesis

Question 24

What is an organism's directed movement in response to a stimulus called?

Accepted Answer

Taxis

Question 25

What kind of growth is exponential growth that levels off as resources become limiting?

Accepted Answer

Logistic growth

Question 26

What technique estimates population size for mobile organisms?

Accepted Answer

Mark and recapture

Question 27

What is a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit called?

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Question 28

Which kind of conditioning produces learned behavior in response to positive or negative reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning

Question 29

What do we call an organism that takes its resources from another species, its host?

Accepted Answer

Parasite

Question 30

What is the first species to appear in both primary and secondary succession called?

Accepted Answer

Pioneer species

Question 31

What is the count of individuals in a population per unit of area or volume called?

Accepted Answer

Population density

Question 32

What does N stand for in ecology: the number of members of a population in a habitat at the same time?

Accepted Answer

Population size

Question 33

What is succession on land that previously held no life called?

Accepted Answer

Primary succession

Question 34

What is succession that follows an environmental disturbance pushing a community away from its equilibrium called?

Accepted Answer

Secondary succession

Question 35

What square frame is used to estimate the size and density of slow-moving or stationary organisms?

Accepted Answer

A quadrat

Question 36

What term names the number of different species in a community?

Accepted Answer

Species richness

Question 37

What graph plots how many members of a population survive against their relative age?

Accepted Answer

Survivorship curve

Question 38

What is a close, long-lasting interaction between members of two different species called?

Accepted Answer

Symbiosis

Question 39

What is a steady population size, with birth rates equal to death rates, called?

Accepted Answer

Zero population growth

Question 40

What life history strategy involves a single reproductive event followed by death?

Accepted Answer

Semelparity

Question 41

What life history strategy involves reproducing several times in a lifetime?

Accepted Answer

Iteroparity

Question 42

What letter-shaped curve does exponential growth trace?

Accepted Answer

J-shaped growth curve

Question 43

What letter-shaped curve does logistic growth trace?

Accepted Answer

S-shaped growth curve

Question 44

What is the ability of an organism to stop responding to repeated stimuli that lead to nothing called?

Accepted Answer

Habituation

AP Biology: Population and Community Ecology flashcards

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