AP Comparative Government: Political Ideology flashcards

Question 1

What term names the consciously held ideas about how political life is organized and how it ought to be organized?

Accepted Answer

Political ideology

Question 2

Which ideology stresses natural rights, limited government, and capitalism?

Accepted Answer

Classical liberalism

Question 3

Which type of political system has the state trying to control every part of citizens' lives to reach its own goals?

Accepted Answer

Totalitarianism

Question 4

Which ideology combines nationalism, reverence for the state, anti-communism and distrust of parliamentary government?

Accepted Answer

Fascism

Question 5

What name is given to a movement that seeks to protect and preserve the natural environment?

Accepted Answer

Environmentalism

Question 6

What system lets the populace decide political matters by a direct majority vote?

Accepted Answer

Direct democracy

Question 7

What do we call the idea that a person should see themselves first as a citizen of the world rather than of any one nation?

Accepted Answer

Cosmopolitanism

Question 8

What is the view that explicitly religious principles should not run the government?

Accepted Answer

Political secularism

Question 9

What school of thought wants government to uphold traditional moral standards rooted in natural law or long-standing local tradition?

Accepted Answer

Social conservatism

Question 10

Which political movement blends moderate economic libertarianism with moderate social conservatism?

Accepted Answer

Fusionism

Question 11

What did Rousseau call laws that serve the real good of everyone in a society?

Accepted Answer

The general will

Question 12

What idea from John Stuart Mill says laws should not limit adults' freedom unless their actions harm another person?

Accepted Answer

The harm principle

Question 13

What do Locke and other thinkers call the rights individuals hold because of natural law?

Accepted Answer

Natural rights

Question 14

In Hobbes's thought, what is the agreement called in which people give power to an authority that enforces the laws of nature and punishes violators?

Accepted Answer

The social contract

Question 15

What did Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau call the supposed condition of human life with no government ruling over people?

Accepted Answer

The state of nature

Question 16

According to Hobbes, what are the reason-based rules that would let people live in peace in the state of nature?

Accepted Answer

The laws of nature

Question 17

In Marxist thought, what is the temporary period called in which workers take control of the state and prepare the way for communism?

Accepted Answer

Dictatorship of the proletariat

Question 18

In Marxism, what is the eventual classless condition that follows the fall of capitalism, with equal material resources and no repressive laws?

Accepted Answer

Communism

Question 19

What term describes recognizing that one belongs to an economic class?

Accepted Answer

Class consciousness

Question 20

Which kind of economic policy discriminates against other countries' imports and subsidizes exports?

Accepted Answer

Mercantilism

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