The cards Question Roughly what proportions of nitrogen and oxygen make up Earth's atmosphere? Tap to flip Answer About 80% nitrogen and about 20% oxygen. Question Give one gas found in small proportions in the atmosphere, besides nitrogen and oxygen. Tap to flip Answer e.g. carbon dioxide, water vapour or noble gases. Question Why is it harder for humans to breathe enough oxygen at high altitude? Tap to flip Answer The atmosphere thins out with height. Question In which state is most of the water in the atmosphere? Tap to flip Answer As a gas (water vapour); liquid or solid water is found in clouds and precipitation. Question What is thought to have made Earth's early atmosphere of carbon dioxide and nitrogen? Tap to flip Answer Early volcanic activity, billions of years ago. Question How can carbon dioxide from the air end up in sedimentary rock? Tap to flip Answer It dissolves in the oceans and forms carbonates, which over millions of years can form sedimentary rock. Question Give one process that reduced the amount of carbon dioxide in Earth's early atmosphere. Tap to flip Answer The formation of sedimentary rocks, or photosynthesis by algae and plants. Question What produced the oxygen now in Earth's atmosphere? Tap to flip Answer Algae and plants, by photosynthesis. Question Roughly what share of today's oxygen production comes from phytoplankton in the oceans? Tap to flip Answer Roughly half. Question What is combustion? Tap to flip Answer An exothermic reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen. Question What are the products of complete combustion of a hydrocarbon? Tap to flip Answer Carbon dioxide and water. Question What is the chemical test for oxygen? Tap to flip Answer Relighting a glowing splint. Question Give one product of incomplete combustion. Tap to flip Answer e.g. carbon monoxide or carbon particulates (soot). Question What is global dimming? Tap to flip Answer A reduction in the amount of radiation reaching Earth's surface, caused by particulates in the atmosphere. Question What is a catalytic converter? Tap to flip Answer A device containing catalysts that helps reduce the amount of pollutants emitted from car exhausts. Question Give one pollutant gas that is formed by burning fuels and forms acids in water. Tap to flip Answer Sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides. Question Are atmospheric pollutants always visible? Tap to flip Answer No. Many harmful pollutants are invisible. Question What does pH measure? Tap to flip Answer The hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration in a solution. Question Is the pH of rainwater naturally above, below or equal to 7? Tap to flip Answer Below 7. Question What is acid rain? Tap to flip Answer Rainwater made more acidic by pollutant gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Question Is acid rain more or less acidic than vinegar? Tap to flip Answer Less acidic. Question What does acid rain produce when it reacts with the carbonates that form many rocks? Tap to flip Answer A salt, water and carbon dioxide. Question What is chemical weathering? Tap to flip Answer The breaking down of rocks by a chemical change, for example by reactions with acid rain. Question Give one common greenhouse gas. Tap to flip Answer e.g. carbon dioxide or methane. Question What do greenhouse gases do to the lower-energy infrared radiation leaving Earth's atmosphere? Tap to flip Answer They reduce the amount that can escape. Question Do greenhouse gases reduce the higher-energy infrared radiation entering the atmosphere from the Sun? Tap to flip Answer No. Question When do average temperatures of the atmosphere rise, in terms of energy transfer? Tap to flip Answer When energy is transferred into the atmosphere faster than it is transferred out. Question What is an increasing average temperature of Earth's atmosphere called? Tap to flip Answer Global warming. Question Why do plants act as carbon sinks? Tap to flip Answer As they grow, they remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Question Give one way the carbon stored in plants returns to the atmosphere. Tap to flip Answer Decomposition or combustion of the plants. Question What determines the maximum amount of carbon dioxide that plants can store? Tap to flip Answer The size and number of the plants. Question Is human activity adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere faster or slower than natural processes remove it? Tap to flip Answer Faster. Question What happens to sea levels as average global temperatures increase? Tap to flip Answer Sea levels rise. Question Why do higher average temperatures increase the number and severity of storms? Tap to flip Answer They cause more powerful convection currents. Question What is climate? Tap to flip Answer The average weather conditions for a particular location over a long period of time. Question What is climate engineering? Tap to flip Answer Large-scale changes to Earth's environment made to counteract climate change. Question What correlation is there between atmospheric carbon dioxide and average global temperature? Tap to flip Answer Increasing amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide go with a rising average global temperature. Question What does a carbon footprint measure? Tap to flip Answer The annual greenhouse gas emissions of an individual, an industry or a nation. Question What does overwhelming evidence show is responsible for the rapid global warming of the last 200 years? Tap to flip Answer Human activity. Question What is the molecular formula of ozone? Tap to flip Answer O₃ Question What does the ozone layer protect life from? Tap to flip Answer Harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun. Question Which atoms make up chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)? Tap to flip Answer Chlorine, fluorine and carbon atoms only. Question In which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer? Tap to flip Answer The stratosphere. Question Was ozone layer depletion caused by burning fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions? Tap to flip Answer No. It was caused by human activity, but not by burning fossil fuels or greenhouse gas emissions. Question What does the work of analytical scientists suggest about the ozone layer now? Tap to flip Answer That it is now reforming. Where this deck sits in the curriculum Curriculum National Curriculum for England Stage GCSE (Years 10–11) Course GCSE Chemistry Unit Atmosphere and changing climate Exam boards AQA, Edexcel, OCR Tiers foundation and higher England's National Curriculum sets what is taught; the units and their order are Oak National Academy's. Flash Feed is not affiliated with Oak or any exam board.
How this deck was checked On 2026-11-02, every card was compared with its source: the lessons of Oak National Academy, a public body funded by England's Department for Education that publishes lessons for the national curriculum. Because the cards come from those lessons, no second source was sought. The comparison was done automatically, not by a teacher, so a card can still be wrong. Flash Feed is not affiliated with any source named here.
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A Chemistry lesson by Oak National Academy licensed under Open Government Licence (OGL)
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