The cards Question What causes waves in the sea? Tap to flip Answer Wind blowing over the surface of the water. Question What are destructive waves? Tap to flip Answer High, steep waves, typically formed by local storms, that remove sediment from beaches. Question What are constructive waves? Tap to flip Answer Low waves, typically formed by distant storms, that deposit sediment onto beaches. Question Give one process of coastal erosion. Tap to flip Answer e.g. hydraulic power, abrasion or attrition. Question What is the swash of a wave? Tap to flip Answer The movement of the wave from the sea up the beach, bringing sediment with it. Question What is the backwash of a wave? Tap to flip Answer The movement of the wave from the beach back to the sea. Question What is longshore drift? Tap to flip Answer The movement of sediment along the coast by wave action in a zigzag pattern. Question What is weathering? Tap to flip Answer The breakdown or disintegration of rocks at or close to the surface. Question What is mechanical weathering? Tap to flip Answer The physical disintegration of rocks, for example through freeze-thaw. Question What is chemical weathering? Tap to flip Answer The chemical breakdown of rocks, usually involving slightly acidic rainwater. Question What is mass movement? Tap to flip Answer The downhill movement of material under the influence of gravity. Question Give one process of mass movement that shapes the coast. Tap to flip Answer e.g. sliding, slumping or rock falls. Question Does mass movement include only rapid events like landslides? Tap to flip Answer No. It also includes slower, gradual processes that can still change the landscape a lot over time. Question What is a discordant coastline? Tap to flip Answer One where hard and soft rock layers run perpendicular to the coastline. Question What is a concordant coastline? Tap to flip Answer One where hard and soft rock layers run parallel to the coastline. Question What is geological structure? Tap to flip Answer The arrangement of rock layers and rock features. Question Is boulder clay a sedimentary rock? Tap to flip Answer No. It is glacial till, which is a sedimentary deposit. Question How does hydraulic power erode rock at the coast? Tap to flip Answer Waves compress air into cracks in the rock, and the pressure breaks the rock over time. Question What is coastal retreat? Tap to flip Answer When a coastline, cliff or other landform moves inland because of erosion. Question In what order do coastal erosion landforms develop from a cave? Tap to flip Answer Cave, then arch, which collapses into a stack, which erodes into a stump. Question What is deposition at the coast? Tap to flip Answer When material such as sand and pebbles is dropped by waves, wind or water as they lose energy. Question Where does coastal deposition happen? Tap to flip Answer Where waves have low energy, such as bays or sheltered areas, and can no longer carry their sediment. Question Give one landform of coastal deposition. Tap to flip Answer e.g. a beach, spit, bar or sand dunes. Question On which stretch of UK coastline are Lulworth Cove and Old Harry Rocks? Tap to flip Answer The Jurassic Coast. Question Over what timescale did landforms like Lulworth Cove and Old Harry Rocks form? Tap to flip Answer Over millions of years. Question What is hard engineering at the coast? Tap to flip Answer Using artificial structures to protect coastlines from erosion and flooding. Question What is soft engineering at the coast? Tap to flip Answer Using natural processes to reduce erosion and flooding in a way that minimises environmental impact. Question What is managed retreat? Tap to flip Answer Deliberately letting areas of the coast flood or erode naturally, in a controlled way. Question For what kind of land is managed retreat often chosen? Tap to flip Answer Low-value land. Question What is a stakeholder in coastal management? Tap to flip Answer Any group or individual involved in or interested in changes being made at the coast. Question Do sea walls and groynes completely stop coastal erosion? Tap to flip Answer No. Coastal management reduces the risk of erosion but does not fully protect an area. Question What is temporal data in GIS? Tap to flip Answer Information tied to a particular point in time, so the data can be time-enabled (also called spatiotemporal data). Question What does 'georeferenced' mean? Tap to flip Answer Tied to a particular location using an agreed system such as latitude and longitude. Question Give one GIS app that can visualise temporal data of a coastline. Tap to flip Answer e.g. Esri Wayback or NLS Maps. Question What can GIS measure by comparing historical imagery and maps of a coast? Tap to flip Answer Change over time, such as the rate of coastal erosion. Where this deck sits in the curriculum Curriculum National Curriculum for England Stage GCSE (Years 10–11) Course GCSE Geography Unit Coastal landscapes Exam boards AQA, Edexcel B England's National Curriculum sets what is taught; the units and their order are Oak National Academy's. Flash Feed is not affiliated with Oak or any exam board.
How this deck was checked On 2026-11-02, every card was compared with its source: the lessons of Oak National Academy, a public body funded by England's Department for Education that publishes lessons for the national curriculum. Because the cards come from those lessons, no second source was sought. The comparison was done automatically, not by a teacher, so a card can still be wrong. Flash Feed is not affiliated with any source named here.
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A Geography lesson by Oak National Academy licensed under Open Government Licence (OGL)
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