The cards Question What is the gradient of a river? Tap to flip Answer The steepness or slope of the land or riverbed. Question What is lateral erosion? Tap to flip Answer When a river erodes the sides of its channel, widening the valley. Question What is a river cross section? Tap to flip Answer A section taken sideways across the channel or valley. Question How does a river valley's shape change from source to mouth? Tap to flip Answer It changes from a V-shape to a U-shape, through processes like lateral erosion and deposition. Question What is river sediment? Tap to flip Answer Particles of rock, soil and organic material carried by a river, from fine silt to boulders. Question What is river discharge? Tap to flip Answer The volume of water flowing through a river at a given point over a specific period of time. Question Give one process by which rivers erode. Tap to flip Answer e.g. hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition or solution. Question Give one process by which rivers transport sediment. Tap to flip Answer e.g. traction, saltation, suspension or solution. Question Where does river deposition happen? Tap to flip Answer Wherever the river loses energy and can no longer carry its load, not only at the mouth. Question What is hydraulic action in a river? Tap to flip Answer The power of the water eroding the river's bed and banks. Question What is abrasion in a river? Tap to flip Answer The wearing away of a river's bed and banks by its load. Question Give one landform shaped by river erosion. Tap to flip Answer e.g. interlocking spurs, waterfalls or gorges. Question Give one river landform formed by erosion and deposition together. Tap to flip Answer e.g. meanders or oxbow lakes. Question Give one landform formed by river deposition. Tap to flip Answer e.g. levees, flood plains, estuaries or deltas. Question In which part of England is the River Eden valley? Tap to flip Answer The northwest of England. Question What is the waterfall in the River Eden's upper course called? Tap to flip Answer Hell Gill Force. Question Near which city does the River Eden meander across floodplains? Tap to flip Answer Carlisle. Question In what unit is river discharge measured? Tap to flip Answer Cumecs. Question What is lag time on a storm hydrograph? Tap to flip Answer The time between peak rainfall and peak discharge. Question What is infiltration? Tap to flip Answer The process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. Question What does a high drainage density indicate? Tap to flip Answer Many rivers and streams in the given area. Question What does a storm hydrograph show? Tap to flip Answer How river discharge changes over time in relation to precipitation. Question What is flood risk? Tap to flip Answer The probability of a flood event occurring and its potential impact. Question What is relief in geography? Tap to flip Answer The physical shape or features of the land's surface. Question What is urbanisation? Tap to flip Answer The increase in the proportion of people living in cities and towns. Question Give one factor that is increasing flood risk. Tap to flip Answer e.g. more frequent and intense storms, or land use change. Question At the confluence of how many rivers does Carlisle lie? Tap to flip Answer Three. Question Can flood management stop an area from flooding? Tap to flip Answer No. It can reduce the risk, frequency and impact of floods, but cannot stop flooding. Question What is hard engineering in river management? Tap to flip Answer Using artificial structures and technologies to control natural processes such as flooding or river erosion. Question What is soft engineering in river management? Tap to flip Answer Using natural processes and landscape features to reduce the risk of flooding and erosion. Question Is hard engineering always better than soft engineering? Tap to flip Answer No. Cost and environmental impact count against it; soft engineering can be more sustainable and less intrusive. Question What does the GIS tool 'Trace Downstream' do? Tap to flip Answer Maps the course of a river from a location, such as its source, to the end of the river. Question What does the GIS tool 'Create Watersheds' do? Tap to flip Answer Maps the drainage basin (catchment) of a river and all of its tributaries. Question What does a GIS elevation profile show? Tap to flip Answer Changes in height above or below sea level along a transect line, such as a river course. Where this deck sits in the curriculum Curriculum National Curriculum for England Stage GCSE (Years 10–11) Course GCSE Geography Unit River landscapes Exam boards AQA, Edexcel B England's National Curriculum sets what is taught; the units and their order are Oak National Academy's. Flash Feed is not affiliated with Oak or any exam board.
How this deck was checked On 2026-11-02, every card was compared with its source: the lessons of Oak National Academy, a public body funded by England's Department for Education that publishes lessons for the national curriculum. Because the cards come from those lessons, no second source was sought. The comparison was done automatically, not by a teacher, so a card can still be wrong. Flash Feed is not affiliated with any source named here.
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A Geography lesson by Oak National Academy licensed under Open Government Licence (OGL)
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