The cards Question What are Earth's four main layers? Tap to flip Answer The inner core, outer core, mantle and crust. Question Which two layers together form the lithosphere? Tap to flip Answer The upper mantle and the crust. Question What are tectonic plates? Tap to flip Answer The huge pieces that Earth's crust is broken into. Question What is a plate boundary? Tap to flip Answer The point where two tectonic plates meet. Question Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur? Tap to flip Answer At plate boundaries. Question What does the theory of continental drift suggest? Tap to flip Answer That Earth's continents were once joined together and later drifted apart. Question Give one piece of evidence for continental drift. Tap to flip Answer e.g. the continents' jigsaw-like shape, or matching rock types or fossils across continents. Question How does oceanic crust differ from continental crust? Tap to flip Answer Oceanic crust is dense but thin; continental crust is thicker and less dense. Question By which two processes do tectonic plates move? Tap to flip Answer Slab pull and ridge push. Question Is the South American plate the same as the continent of South America? Tap to flip Answer No. The plate also includes part of the Atlantic Ocean. Question What are the four main types of plate boundary? Tap to flip Answer Conservative, constructive, collision and destructive. Question How do plates move at a conservative plate boundary? Tap to flip Answer They move past each other. Question How do plates move at a constructive plate boundary? Tap to flip Answer They move apart. Question Which two types of plate boundary have plates moving together? Tap to flip Answer Collision and destructive plate boundaries. Question At a destructive plate margin, what melts to form magma? Tap to flip Answer Mantle rock above the subducting plate, helped by water from the oceanic plate lowering its melting point; not the subducting plate itself. Question What are the two main types of volcano? Tap to flip Answer Composite volcanoes and shield volcanoes. Question At which type of plate boundary are composite volcanoes usually found? Tap to flip Answer Destructive plate boundaries. Question At which type of plate boundary are shield volcanoes usually found? Tap to flip Answer Constructive plate boundaries. Question What is the difference between magma and lava? Tap to flip Answer Magma is molten rock underground; lava is molten rock above Earth's surface. Question What is a pyroclastic flow? Tap to flip Answer A very hot mix of lava, ash, gases and rock that flows rapidly down the side of a volcano. Question What is volcanic ash made of? Tap to flip Answer Tiny pieces of volcanic rock and glass. Question What is a lahar? Tap to flip Answer A mudflow formed when volcanic ash mixes with water. Question Which volcano on Java, Indonesia, erupted in 2021 causing pyroclastic flows, ashfall and lahars? Tap to flip Answer Mount Semeru. Question Give one reason people live close to active volcanoes. Tap to flip Answer e.g. fertile soils, tourist income or geothermal energy. Question What is a short-term response to a disaster? Tap to flip Answer Actions in the hours, days or weeks just after it to help meet people's basic needs. Question What is a long-term response to a disaster? Tap to flip Answer Actions in the months or years after it to help rebuild or recover. Question Give one form of preparation that can reduce risks to people living near volcanoes. Tap to flip Answer e.g. public education or monitoring of volcanoes. Question In which country is Mount Nyiragongo? Tap to flip Answer The Democratic Republic of the Congo. Question On which plate boundary is Mount Nyiragongo? Tap to flip Answer The East African Rift System, a constructive plate boundary. Question Into which two plates is the African plate splitting along the East African Rift System? Tap to flip Answer The Nubian and Somali plates. Question What are fault lines? Tap to flip Answer Fractures in Earth's surface. Question What causes an earthquake at a plate boundary? Tap to flip Answer Rock fracturing at the boundary. Question Is a plate boundary a single clean cut between two plates? Tap to flip Answer No. It is made up of many faults, with rock locked together across the two plates. Question What is the focus of an earthquake? Tap to flip Answer The point underground where the tectonic plates first break or slip. Question What is the epicentre of an earthquake? Tap to flip Answer The point on the surface directly above the focus. Question What does an earthquake's magnitude measure? Tap to flip Answer How much energy is released. Question What is the difference between a primary and a secondary effect of an earthquake? Tap to flip Answer A primary effect happens directly from the earthquake (e.g. broken gas pipes); a secondary effect results from the primary effects (e.g. a fire). Question Can scientists predict exactly when and where an earthquake will occur? Tap to flip Answer No. They can only calculate the probability of one happening in an area. Question What is practised during earthquake drills? Tap to flip Answer Drop-cover-hold. Question Give one feature that helps make a building earthquake-resistant. Tap to flip Answer e.g. base isolators, flexible building materials, strong shapes or mass dampers. Question What is an aftershock? Tap to flip Answer A smaller earthquake that follows an initial larger earthquake. Question Along which faultline was stress released in the 2025 Myanmar earthquake? Tap to flip Answer The Sagaing faultline. Question What is a tsunami? Tap to flip Answer A series of large, powerful ocean waves caused by a sudden disturbance. Question Give one event that can displace enough water to trigger a tsunami. Tap to flip Answer e.g. an undersea earthquake, a volcanic eruption or a landslide. Question What caused the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami in Indonesia? Tap to flip Answer The collapse of the Anak Krakatau volcano. Where this deck sits in the curriculum Curriculum National Curriculum for England Stage Key stage 3 (Years 7–9) Course KS3 Geography Unit Tectonic hazards: Why is Earth restless? England's National Curriculum sets what is taught; the units and their order are Oak National Academy's. Flash Feed is not affiliated with Oak or any exam board.
How this deck was checked On 2026-11-03, every card was compared with its source: the lessons of Oak National Academy, a public body funded by England's Department for Education that publishes lessons for the national curriculum. Because the cards come from those lessons, no second source was sought. The comparison was done automatically, not by a teacher, so a card can still be wrong. Flash Feed is not affiliated with any source named here.
Sources Total: 12 · primary: 12 · second publisher: 0
Show the other sources (10) Primary source The 2025 Myanmar Earthquake (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Primary source The 2018 Sunda Strait Tsunami (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Primary source The movement of tectonic plates (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Primary source Plate boundaries (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Primary source Types of volcanoes (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Primary source Volcanic hazards (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Primary source Living close to volcanoes (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Primary source The eruption of Mount Nyiragongo (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Primary source Earthquakes (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Primary source The effects of earthquakes (opens in a new tab) (Oak National Academy, thenational.academy) Found a mistake? Write to support@flashfeed.app .
A Geography lesson by Oak National Academy licensed under Open Government Licence (OGL)
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