The cards Question What are fossils? Tap to flip Answer The mineralised remains of once-living organisms, or of traces left behind by organisms. Question Give one example of remains, other than bones, that can become a fossil. Tap to flip Answer E.g. wood or footprints. Question What is an extinct species? Tap to flip Answer A species with no living members. Question What is the fossil record? Tap to flip Answer All the fossils ever found, with their ages, taken together as a body of evidence. Question What do fossils show about the features of some species? Tap to flip Answer That they have changed over time. Question How many years ago does evidence suggest Earth formed? Tap to flip Answer About 4.5 billion years ago. Question How many millions make one billion? Tap to flip Answer One thousand million (1 000 000 000). Question Around when does evidence suggest the first living organisms appeared, and what were they? Tap to flip Answer Around 3.8 billion years ago; they were microorganisms. Question About how old are the oldest fossils? Tap to flip Answer Around 3.5 billion years old. Question About how old are the newest fossils? Tap to flip Answer Around 10 thousand years old. Question When does evidence suggest the first land plants appeared? Tap to flip Answer About 500 million years ago. Question When does evidence suggest the first mammals appeared? Tap to flip Answer About 200 million years ago. Question When does evidence suggest modern humans appeared? Tap to flip Answer About 350 thousand years ago. Question Into which divisions do scientists split Earth's history to make it easier to understand? Tap to flip Answer Eons, periods and epochs. Question What is extinction? Tap to flip Answer The permanent loss of a species. Question What is an adaptation? Tap to flip Answer A feature an organism has that helps it live in a particular place and survive. Question What is camouflage? Tap to flip Answer A way organisms disguise their appearance, usually by blending in with their surroundings. Question Do plants have adaptations to their surroundings? Tap to flip Answer Yes. Plants are alive and have adaptations that help them thrive in their environments. Question What is competition between living organisms? Tap to flip Answer The struggle for access to limited resources. Question Give one resource that organisms compete for. Tap to flip Answer E.g. food, water, space, shelter, light, mates, pollinators or seed dispersers. Question What gives an organism an advantage in competition? Tap to flip Answer A feature that helps it compete more effectively in its habitat. Question Why are some individuals of a species better able to compete than others? Tap to flip Answer Because of variation: some individuals are better adapted to compete successfully. Question What is variation? Tap to flip Answer Differences between individuals of the same species. Question Give one example of variation caused by the environment or lifestyle. Tap to flip Answer E.g. an injury, or big muscles grown by exercising. Question Can environmental variation be passed on to offspring? Tap to flip Answer No. It is not heritable. Question What causes genetic variation? Tap to flip Answer The genetic material an individual inherits. Question Can genetic variation be passed on to offspring? Tap to flip Answer Yes. It is heritable. Question What are heritable traits? Tap to flip Answer Features that can be passed from a parent to its offspring through instructions stored in genetic material (DNA). Question What is natural selection? Tap to flip Answer Organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive, reproduce and pass on their genes to their offspring. Question Through natural selection, what happens to advantageous heritable features over the generations? Tap to flip Answer They become more common in each generation of offspring. Question What kind of change can affect natural selection? Tap to flip Answer Changes in environmental conditions, including changes caused by humans. Question Why do scientists use models? Tap to flip Answer As simpler representations of complex things and ideas. Question What is a hypothesis? Tap to flip Answer An idea, based on observations, about how something works. Question What is a scientific prediction? Tap to flip Answer A testable statement about a possible outcome of an experiment. Question In a model of natural selection, why might a prediction about a population change? Tap to flip Answer Because the environmental conditions change (e.g. the grass becomes frosty or snowy). Question Do populations of organisms stay the same forever? Tap to flip Answer No. They change over time due to natural selection. Question What is evolution? Tap to flip Answer The process by which the characteristics of a species change over many generations, sometimes forming new species. Question What is a scientific theory? Tap to flip Answer A general explanation, developed from evidence, that explains many different examples; it is widely accepted because it has been extensively tested. Question Is evolution planned in advance? Tap to flip Answer No. New advantageous features appear randomly and are kept by natural selection. Question Are changes in an individual's features during its lifetime evolution? Tap to flip Answer No. Where this deck sits in the curriculum Curriculum National Curriculum for England Stage Key stage 3 (Years 7–9) Course KS3 Science Unit Adaptations, competition, natural selection and evolution England's National Curriculum sets what is taught; the units and their order are Oak National Academy's. Flash Feed is not affiliated with Oak or any exam board.
How this deck was checked On 2026-11-02, every card was compared with its source: the lessons of Oak National Academy, a public body funded by England's Department for Education that publishes lessons for the national curriculum. Because the cards come from those lessons, no second source was sought. The comparison was done automatically, not by a teacher, so a card can still be wrong. Flash Feed is not affiliated with any source named here.
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A Science lesson by Oak National Academy licensed under Open Government Licence (OGL)
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