AP Biology: Joints and Muscles flashcards

Question 1

What term describes a bone moving away from the midline of the body?

Accepted Answer

Abduction

Question 2

What term describes a limb moving inward after abduction?

Accepted Answer

Adduction

Question 3

Which enzyme splits ACh into acetyl and choline parts?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

Question 4

Which globular contractile protein works together with myosin to produce muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Actin

Question 5

Which contractile protein works together with actin to produce muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

Question 6

What type of joint permits only slight movement?

Accepted Answer

Amphiarthrosis

Question 7

What type of joint permits free movement?

Accepted Answer

Diarthrosis

Question 8

Which division of the skeleton consists of the upper-limb and lower-limb bones?

Accepted Answer

The appendicular skeleton

Question 9

Which part of the skeleton makes up the body's central axis?

Accepted Answer

The axial skeleton

Question 10

What type of joint has its bones connected by cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Cartilaginous joint

Question 11

What type of joint is held together by fibrous connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Fibrous joint

Question 12

What term describes moving a limb in a circular path?

Accepted Answer

Circumduction

Question 13

What term describes a bone moving downward, as when raised shoulders return to normal position?

Accepted Answer

Depression

Question 14

What term describes a bone moving upward, as in a shrug of the shoulders?

Accepted Answer

Elevation

Question 15

What ankle movement bends the foot so the toes lift toward the knee?

Accepted Answer

Dorsiflexion

Question 16

What ankle movement bends the foot so the heel lifts, as when standing on tiptoe?

Accepted Answer

Plantar flexion

Question 17

Name the movement in which the sole of the foot is tilted to face outward, away from the midline.

Accepted Answer

Eversion

Question 18

What term describes turning the soles of the feet inward, toward the body's midline?

Accepted Answer

Inversion

Question 19

Which movement makes the angle between the bones at a joint larger?

Accepted Answer

Extension

Question 20

Which movement makes the angle between the bones at a joint smaller?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 21

What term describes extending a joint beyond the normal anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Hyperextension

Question 22

What type of joint has saddle-shaped bone ends, with concave and convex parts fitting together?

Accepted Answer

Saddle joint

Question 23

What is the part of a muscle fiber's sarcolemma that interacts with the neuron called?

Accepted Answer

Motor end plate

Question 24

What are the long cylindrical structures lying parallel to the muscle fiber called?

Accepted Answer

Myofibrils

Question 25

What is the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle fiber called?

Accepted Answer

Sarcolemma

Question 26

What is the functional unit of skeletal muscle called?

Accepted Answer

Sarcomere

Question 27

What is a group of myosin molecules called?

Accepted Answer

Thick filament

Question 28

What is a pair of actin polymers wound together with tropomyosin and troponin called?

Accepted Answer

Thin filament

Question 29

Which protein covers myosin binding sites on actin until the muscle receives a neuron signal?

Accepted Answer

Tropomyosin

Question 30

Which protein binds tropomyosin, helps position it on actin, and also binds calcium ions?

Accepted Answer

Troponin

Question 31

Which bone cell is responsible for forming bone?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblast

Question 32

Which large bone cell is responsible for bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 33

What is a mature bone cell, the main cell of bone tissue, called?

Accepted Answer

Osteocyte

Question 34

What short fiber of connective tissue holds skull bones tightly together?

Accepted Answer

Suture

Question 35

Which joint has hyaline cartilage on the bone ends but connects the bones through fibrocartilage?

Accepted Answer

Symphysis

Question 36

What term describes bones joined by hyaline cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Synchondrosis

Question 37

Which joint connects bones by a band of connective tissue, allowing more movement than a suture?

Accepted Answer

Syndesmosis

Question 38

Which type of joint has a space between the adjoining bones?

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Question 39

What forearm movement turns the palm to face backward?

Accepted Answer

Pronation

Question 40

What forearm movement turns the palm to face forward?

Accepted Answer

Supination

Question 41

What term describes a bone moving forward in the horizontal plane?

Accepted Answer

Protraction

Question 42

What term describes a joint moving back into position after protraction?

Accepted Answer

Retraction

AP Biology: Joints and Muscles flashcards

The cards

Where this deck sits in the curriculum

How this deck was checked

Sources

More in this course