Honors Chemistry: Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry flashcards

Question 1

What name is given to an ion or neutral molecule attached to the central metal in a coordination compound?

Accepted Answer

Ligand

Question 2

What is the ion or atom called that ligands bond to through coordinate covalent bonds in a complex?

Accepted Answer

Central metal

Question 3

What term counts the coordinate covalent bonds a central metal atom forms in a complex?

Accepted Answer

Coordination number

Question 4

What is the central metal atom or ion together with its attached ligands called?

Accepted Answer

Coordination sphere

Question 5

What is the atom in a ligand called whose lone pair forms the coordinate covalent bond to the metal?

Accepted Answer

Donor atom

Question 6

What type of ligand bonds to the central metal through only one coordinate covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Monodentate ligand

Question 7

What type of ligand bonds to one central metal through two different atoms?

Accepted Answer

Bidentate ligand

Question 8

What type of ligand attaches to a central metal ion through two or more donor atoms?

Accepted Answer

Chelating ligand

Question 9

What is the name for a complex formed when a polydentate ligand is attached to a central metal?

Accepted Answer

Chelate

Question 10

What term describes a substance whose atoms, molecules or ions are bound to a central atom by Lewis acid-base interactions?

Accepted Answer

Coordination compound

Question 11

In a geometric isomer, what is it called when two similar groups lie on the same side of a reference line?

Accepted Answer

Cis configuration

Question 12

In a geometric isomer, what is it called when two similar groups lie on opposite sides of a reference line?

Accepted Answer

Trans configuration

Question 13

What is a molecule called that is a nonsuperimposable mirror image of another and otherwise has the same chemical and physical properties?

Accepted Answer

Optical isomer (enantiomer)

Question 14

Which model explains d-orbital energies in transition metals through electrostatic interactions with ligands, without treating metal-ligand bonding?

Accepted Answer

Crystal field theory

Question 15

What name is given to the energy difference between the t2g and eg sets of d orbitals?

Accepted Answer

Crystal field splitting (Δoct)

Question 16

In an octahedral complex, which set of two d orbitals pointing along the Cartesian axes is higher in energy?

Accepted Answer

The eg orbitals

Question 17

In an octahedral complex, which set of three d orbitals lying between the Cartesian axes is lower in energy?

Accepted Answer

The t2g orbitals

Question 18

What kind of complex has electrons spread singly over all orbitals before any pair up in the lower-energy ones?

Accepted Answer

High-spin complex

Question 19

What kind of complex has electrons pairing up in the lower-energy orbitals before filling the higher-energy ones?

Accepted Answer

Low-spin complex

Question 20

What is the energy needed to put two electrons of opposite spin into a single orbital called?

Accepted Answer

Pairing energy (P)

Question 21

What is a ranking of ligands by the size of the crystal field splitting they cause called?

Accepted Answer

Spectrochemical series

Question 22

What kind of ligand produces larger crystal field splittings?

Accepted Answer

Strong-field ligand

Question 23

What kind of ligand produces small crystal field splittings?

Accepted Answer

Weak-field ligand

Question 24

What are elements with valence electrons in f orbitals, usually drawn offset below the periodic table, also called?

Accepted Answer

f-block elements (inner transition elements)

Question 25

What do we call the transition elements in the fourth period, the first row of the d-block?

Accepted Answer

First transition series

Question 26

What do we call the transition elements in the fifth period, the second row of the d-block?

Accepted Answer

Second transition series

Question 27

What series is made up of lanthanum and the other elements in the first f-block row?

Accepted Answer

Lanthanide series (lanthanoid series)

Question 28

Which six transition metals (Ru, Os, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt) tend to occur in the same minerals and behave similarly?

Accepted Answer

The platinum metals

Question 29

What process separates a metal by turning it into soluble ions, extracting them, then reducing them to the pure metal?

Accepted Answer

Hydrometallurgy

Question 30

What material is made from iron by removing impurities and adding substances to form alloys for particular uses?

Accepted Answer

Steel

Question 31

What do we call a material that conducts electricity with no resistance?

Accepted Answer

Superconductor

Honors Chemistry: Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry flashcards

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